鄱阳湖地区大气边界层特征的数值模拟   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4       下载免费PDF全文

杨罡  刘树华  朱蓉  周荣卫 《地球物理学报》2011,54(4):896-908

采用WRFV2.2中尺度数值模式对鄱阳湖地区200 km×200 km范围内,2009年11月5日00∶00至2009年11月6日12∶00不同高度的气象要素进行了数值模拟,得到了水平分辨率为1 km的鄱阳湖地区大气边界层风、温、湿度场和廓线分布的大气边界层物理特征.模拟结果发现:白天鄱阳湖面上空存在着冷岛效应并伴随湖风,而夜间湖面上空存在着热岛效应并伴随陆风,湖面与陆地之间最大温差可达6 ℃;同时地形以及下垫面类型对鄱阳湖区风场的分布具有很大影响,夜间存在一条东北西南走向的低空辐合带,白天逐渐消失;此外受风场和地形作用湖面上空的湿度分布也不均匀,白天湿度层厚度低而夜晚湿度层厚度高,湖中心右侧湿度值大于左侧湿度值.模拟结果能较好地反映鄱阳湖的大气边界层物理特征,有助于了解鄱阳湖地区区域气候的特点,以及由于地形、地理环境、地表特征所形成的不同高度上的风、温、湿的分布规律和大气边界层物理特征,为鄱阳湖地区局地天气预报、风能资源开发、环境保护等提供了科学依据.  相似文献   

中国区域蒸发潜力不均性发展趋势及其气候成因分析   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

徐兴奎  LEVY Jason K 《地球物理学报》2011,54(3):634-642

气象台站20 cm蒸发皿观测资料自然正交分解显示,1980～2000年中国区域气温显著增加期间,长江中游至河套、东北等区域地表年蒸发潜力呈增加趋势;相反在长江以南、东部和西南等地区年蒸发潜力呈下降趋势.辐射观测资料分析结果表明,自20世纪70年代中国区域太阳入射能整体呈下降趋势,因此对于蒸发潜力增加的地区,太阳辐射产生...  相似文献   

渭河盆地中土层场地对地震动的放大作用   总被引：11，自引：1，他引：10       下载免费PDF全文

王海云 《地球物理学报》2011,54(1):137-150

土层场地对地震动的影响较大,建(构)筑物的选址及其抗震设防必须考虑土层场地的放大作用,以避免或减轻其震害.汶川地震中,布设在渭河盆地中的数字强震动台网共有27个台站(包括2个基岩台站和25个土层台站)获得良好的主震加速度时程.利用这些加速度时程,选择汤峪台做为参考场地,基于考虑几何衰减的传统谱比法分析研究了25个土层场...  相似文献   

Modeling of the Second Indirect Effect of Anthropogenic Aerosols in East Asia          下载免费PDF全文

WU Peng-Ping  HAN Zhi-Wei 《大气和海洋科学快报》2011,4(6):316-323

This study investigated the second indirect climatic effect of anthropogenic aerosols,including sulfate,organic carbon(OC) ,and black carbon(BC) ,over East Asia.The seasonal variation of the climatic response to the second indirect effect was also characterized.The simulation period for this study was 2006.Due to a decrease in autoconversion rate from cloud water to rain as a result of aerosols,the cloud liquid water path(LWP) ,and radiative flux(RF) at the top of the atmosphere(TOA) changed dramatically,increasing by 14.3 g m-2 and decreasing by-4.1 W m-2 in terms of domain and annual average.Both LWP and RF changed most in autumn. There were strong decreases in ground temperature in Southwest China,the middle reaches of the Yangtze River in spring and autumn,while maximum cooling of up to-1.5 K occurred in the Chongqing district.The regional and annual mean change in ground temperature reached-0.2 K over eastern China.In all seasons except summer,precipitation generally decreased in most areas north of the Yangtze River,whereas precipitation changed little in South China.Precipitation changed most in summer,with alternating bands of increasing(～40 mm) and decreasing(～40 mm) precipitation appearing in eastern China.Precipitation decreased by 1.5-40 mm over large areas of Northeast China and the Huabei Plain.The domain and annual mean change in precipitation was approximately-0.3 mm over eastern China.The maximum reduction in precipitation occurred in summer,with mean absolute and relative changes of-1.2 mm and-3.8%over eastern China.This study revealed considerable climate responses to the second indirect effect of aerosols over specific regions of China.  相似文献   

The extended N2 method taking into account higher mode effects in elevation   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Maja Kreslin  Peter Fajfar 《地震工程与结构动力学》2011,40(14):1571-1589

The N2 method has been extended in order to take into account higher mode effects in elevation. The extension is based on the assumption that the structure remains in the elastic range when vibrating in higher modes. The seismic demand in terms of displacements and storey drifts can be obtained by enveloping the results of basic pushover analysis and the results of standard elastic modal analysis. The approach is consistent with the extended N2 method used for plan‐asymmetric buildings. The proposed procedure was applied to three variants of three steel frame buildings used in the SAC project. The structural response was investigated for two sets of ground motions. Different ground motion intensities were used in order to investigate the influence of the magnitude of plastic deformations. The N2 results were compared with the results of nonlinear response‐history analysis, two other pushover‐based methods (modal pushover analysis (MPA) and modified MPA (MMPA)), and pushover analysis without consideration of higher modes. It was found that a considerable influence of higher modes on storey drifts is present at the upper part of medium‐and high‐rise structures. This effect is the largest in the case of elastic behaviour and decreases with ground motion intensity. The higher mode effects also depend on the spectral shape. The approximate methods (extended N2, MPA and MMPA) are able to provide fair estimates of response in the case of the test examples. Accuracy decreases with the height of the building, and with the intensity of ground motion. The N2 results are generally conservative. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

汶川Ms8.0地震灾害的非对称分布与成因分析          下载免费PDF全文

周庆  张春山  陈献程 《地震学报》2011,33(4):492-504

在汶川Ms8.0地震中,地震灾害在灾区相对于发震断层,呈现各种非对称分布.断层高角度逆冲诱发的崩塌、滑坡的规模与数量在断层上盘区远远高于断层下盘区,在垂直断层方向,高烈度区断层上盘宽度往往大于下盘宽度,上述不对称性反映了逆断层型地震存在加速度峰值的上盘效应;而在破裂的传播方向存在的地震波多普勒效应则造成沿长轴方向东北部...  相似文献   

Broadband Analytical Solution to the Scattering of Plane SV Waves by Circular Cylindrical Canyons     

Zhong Hui  Zhang Yushan 《中国地震研究》2011,25(1):13-27

Based on Fourier-Bessel series expansion of wave functions,an analytical solution to 2-D scattering ofincident plane SV waves by circular cylindrical canyons with variable depthto-width ratios is deduced in this paper. Unlike other analytical solutions,this paper uses the asymptotic behavior of the cylindrical function to directly define the undetermined coefficients of scattered waves,thus,avoiding solving linear equation systems and the related numerical computation problems under high-frequency incident waves,thereby broadening the applicable frequency range of analytical solutions. Through comparison with existing analytical solutions,the correctness of this solution is demonstrated. Finally, the incident plane SV wave scattering effect under circular cylindrical canyons in wider frequency bands is explored.  相似文献   

平面不对称结构非弹性地震反应分析的平扭耦联Bouc-Wen模型     

余波  杨绿峰 《地震工程与工程振动》2011,31(6):78-87

综合考虑强度退化、刚度退化、捏拢效应等典型滞回特性的影响,建立了双向地震作用下平面不对称结构非弹性地震动力响应分析的平扭耦联Bouc-Wen模型.该模型采用圆形屈服面来描述双向抗侧恢复力之间的耦合效应,而采用锥体或球体屈服面来描述双向抗侧和抗扭恢复力之间的耦合效应,并结合69条强震记录,定量地分析了平扭耦联效应对平面不...  相似文献   

结构-地基体系水平与扭转位移耦合效应研究     

姜南  赵慧芳 《地震工程与工程振动》2011,31(5):142-148

采用动力理论对地基-结构非线性相互作用体系的振动方程进行了定性分析.基于多线性随动强化模型,采用非线性有限元法求解了基础和地基土之间的水平刚度与摇摆刚度,建立了结构-地基非线性相互作用体系的力学模型.利用拉格朗日能量法推导了结构水平位移和扭转相耦合的振动方程.采用多尺度法研究了结构-地基相互作用体系的主共振.通过分析不...  相似文献   

福建城乡震灾快速评估系统设计     

王辉山  傅再扬  于威宇  陈琳 《地震地磁观测与研究》2011,32(6):150-155

充分借鉴目前国内外工程地震和震害预测研究成果,结合福建实际震例,利用GIS技术、Web技术,设计开发区域范围震害预测及震灾快速评估系统,即福建城乡震灾快速评估系统.利用该系统平台对1992年以来发生在福建有较大影响的6次中强地震进行震灾快速评估,并将系统评估计算结果与实际震害调查评估结果进行对比分析,给出系统评估结果与...  相似文献